- Author
-
Lemaire, T.
|
Kenyon, Y.
- Title
- Large Scale Fire Tests in the Second Benelux Tunnel.
- Coporate
- TNO Institute for Building Materials and Construction, Delft, The Netherlands
- Journal
-
Fire Technology,
Vol. 42,
No. 4,
329-350,
['October 2006', '4th Quarter']
- Keywords
-
tunnels
|
large scale fire tests
|
smoke movement
|
sprinklers
|
escape means
|
tenability limits
|
fire detection systems
|
ventilation
|
fuel pans
|
automobiles
|
motor vehicles
|
temperature
|
air temperature
|
stratification
|
optical density
|
smoke spread
|
thermal radiation
|
instruments
|
equations
- Identifiers
- 2000/2001 in the Second Benelux Tunnel near Rotterdam, The Netherlands; pan fires; survey of heat release rates, ventilation and use of sprinkler for all tests; critical velocity to prevent back-layering determined from measurements; risk of fire spread to adjacent vehicles; effect of ventilation on fire development; smoke and air temperatures downstream of the fire; smoke front velocities and stratification; tenability conditions downstream of the fire; critical exceeding time for heat limits