- Author
- Kashiwagi, T. | Gilman, J. W. | McGrath, J. E. | Wan, I. Y.
- Title
- Flammability Properties of Phosphine Oxide Copolymers and of Commodity Polymers With New Flame Retardant Additives.
- Coporate
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ., Blacksburg
- Book or Conf
- Tomorrow's Trends in Fire Retardant Regulations, Testing, Applications and Current Technologies. Fall Conference. Proceedings. October 13-16, 1996, Naples, FL, 1-23 p., 1996
- Keywords
- flame retardants | flammability | nylon | phosphine oxide | copolymers | additives | silica gel
- Abstract
- Several different phosphine oxides, triphenylphosphine oxide, diphenylphosphine oxide, and trihydroxylpropylphosphine oxide, are added into nylon 6,6 by copolymerization and by blending. The flammability properties of these samples are measured in the Cone Calorimeter. The results show that the addition of any of these phosphine oxides to nylon 6,6 reduces the heat release rate significantly but increases the amount of CO and soot particles. Although small amounts of char are formed with the phosphine oxides, the flame retardant site appears to be mainly in the gas phase. No significant difference in flammability properties is observed between the copolymer samples and the blended sample. A small quantity of silica gel with K₂CO₃ as an additive reduces heat release rate of many different polymers and forms carbonaceous char for PP, PMMA, nylon 6,6 and also significantly enhances char yields of cellulose and PVA. The solid-state NMR data of char formed from PVA with silica gel/K₂CO₃ show increase in aromaticity in the char compared with in the char generated from PVA only.