bench scale; ISO classification of fire stages, based on ISO 19706; fire gases, real fires and ISO fire stages; effect of specimen size on results; specimen shape and form; sampling and transport of effluent; methods of assessing and presenting results of fire smoke toxicity tests; closed cabinet tests; ISO fire stages represented by test method; flow through tests; fire effluent testing for performance specifications and prescriptive codes; fire effluent testing for fire risk assessments and fire safety engineering; toxic potency data