- Author
-
Butler, K. M.
|
Mulholland, G. W.
- Title
- Generation and Transport of Smoke Components.
- Coporate
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
- Journal
-
Fire Technology,
Vol. 40,
No. 2,
149-176,
April 2004
- Keywords
-
smoke transport
|
aerosols
|
smoke generation
|
toxicity
|
particulates
|
smoke yield
|
morphology
|
flaming combustion
|
toxic gases
|
combustion
- Identifiers
- smoke areosol; smoke generation; ultrafine particulates; smoke yields for flaming combustion in air from Tewarson; aerodynamic diamters and size distribution; size distribution and yeild of smoke aerosols produced during flaming combustion; comparison of calculated particle deposition modes; adsorption and desorption of toxic gases on smoke particles; major transportable toxic gases from combustion; gas adsorbate data: from Chughtal et al.
- Abstract
- Smoke is a mixture of gases and suspended particulate matter, or aerosols. The nature of the aerosol component of smoke can play a significant role in the lethal and sublethal effects on people. This paper presents the current state of knowledge about factors that affect smoke toxicity:soot generation, fractal structure of soot, agglomerate transport via thermophoresis, sedimentation, and diffusion, agglomerate growth through coagulation and condensation, and the potential for the aerosols to transport adborbed or absorbed toxic gases or vapors into the lungs. Tables are included for measured smoke yields and aerodynamic particle sies, equations and references are provided for the smoke agglomerate transport properties and wall loss, and key literature references are provided for adsorption of irritant gases on soot particles and water droplets and the toxicity of nanosize particles.