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Author
Ivanov, A. V. | Balashov, V. | Andreeva, T. V. | Melikhov, A. S.
Title
Experimental Verification of Material Flammability in Space. Final Contractor Report.
Coporate
Keldysh Research Center, Moscow, Russia RSC Energia, Korolev, Russia All-russian Scientific Research Institute for Fire Safety, Moscow, Russia
Sponsor
NASA-John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field, Cleveland, OH
Report
NASA/CR-1999-209405
November 1999
59 p.
Distribution
AVAILABLE FROM National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Technology Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, VA 22161. Telephone: 1-800-553-6847 or 703-605-6000; Fax: 703-605-6900; Rush Service (Telephone Orders Only) 800-553-6847; Website: http://www.ntis.gov
Contract
WU-398-95-OF-00 NAS3-97160
Keywords
microgravity | flammability | flammability limits | extinction | fire safety | flame propagation
Abstract
The flammability in microgravity of three U.S.-furnished materials, Delrin, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and high-density polyethylene, was determined using a Russian-developed combustion tunnel on Mir. Four 4.5-mm-diameter cylindrical samples of each plastic were ignited under concurrent airflow (in the direction of flame spread) with velocities from no flow to 8.5 cm/s. The test results identify a limiting air-flow velocity Vlim for each material, below which combustion ceases. Nominal values are V.im <0.3 cm/s for Delrin, 0.5 cm/s for PMMA, and 0.3 to 0.5 cm/s for polyethylene. These values are lower than those obtained in prior ground testing. Nevertheless, they demonstrate that flow shutoff is effective for extinguishment in the microgravity environment of spacecraft. Microgravity test results also show that the plastic materials maintain a stable melt ball within the spreading flame zone. In general, as the concurrent flow velocity V decreases, the flame-spread rate VF decreases, from an average (for all three materials) of VF = 0.5-0.75 mm/s at V = 8.5 cm/s to VF = 0.05-0.01 mm/s at V = 0.3-0.5 cm/s. Also, as V decreases, the flames become less visible but expand, increasing the probability of igniting an adjacent surface.