- Author
- Toth, M. J.
- Title
- Making the Grade: A Guide to Below-Grade Firefighting.
- Journal
- American Fire Journal, Vol. 51, No. 3, 12-17, March 1999
- Keywords
- fire fighting | fire fighters | stairways | stairwells | building collapse | elevators (lifts) | fire hazards | fire load | asphyxiation
- Identifiers
- underground or below-grade fire; basement; cellar; sub-cellar; craw space; aboveground cellar; collapse potential; trap doors; heating units; water accumulation