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Author
Womeldorf, C. A.
Title
BFRL's Convective Calibration Facility for Total Heat Flux Gauges. BFRL Fire Research Seminar. VHS Video.
Coporate
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
Report
Video, February 22, 2000,
Keywords
measuring instruments | heat flux
Abstract
Heat flux gauges measure energy flow in many different applications: the radiant flux from a fire; the thermal efficiency of a fire fighter's gear or building insulation; the aerodynamic heating of an airfoil; even the cooling of electrical components in a computer. Until recently the only standard NIST calibration has been from a blackbody source providing a radiant flux up to 80 kW/m2. Because many sensors are used in mixed radiation and convection environments, the uncertainty associated with convection can be significant. Recognizing this, over the past four years BFRL has developed a convective heat flux facility to assess a sensor's convective response. The facility consists of a small wind tunnel that produces a two-dimensional laminar boundary layer across a heated isothermal copper plate. A test sensor is mounted flush alongside a reference in the plate to measure the heat leaving the plate. Convective calibrations up to 5.00±0.13 kW/m2 are possible, with a heat transfer coefficient up to 45 W/m2K. This presentation describes the facility with its second-generation heated plate and provides an analysis of the system uncertainty. Redundant references, improved sensor heating and mounting, improved reference isolation, and a minimized radiation component have reduced the combined relative expanded uncertainty of the reference to ±2.5%. The benefits of an embedded temperature sensor in the gauge surface are described. The facility is available for comparative calibrations and heat transfer studies.