- Author
-
Ellingwood, B. R.
|
Smilowitz, R.
|
Dusenberry, D. O.
|
Duthinh, D.
|
Lew, H. S.
|
Carino, N. J.
- Title
- Best Practices for Reducing the Potential for Progressive Collapse in Buildings.
- Coporate
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
Weidlinger Associates
Simpson Gumpertz and Heger
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
- Report
-
NISTIR 7396
February 2007
216 p.
- Keywords
-
building collapse
|
structural design
|
risk reduction
|
design applications
|
loads (forces)
|
structural materials
|
methodology
|
standards
|
risk assessment
|
risk analysis
|
hazard analysis
|
hazard assessment
|
structural systems
|
structural engineering
|
case histories
|
safety engineering
|
alternate load path
|
blast loading
|
progressive collapse
|
specific local resistance
|
damage
|
failure
- Identifiers
- acceptable risk bases; indirect and direct design approaches; practical design to prevent progressive collapse; comparison of design standards; research needs; Ronan Point (apartment buildings) London, England, May 16, 1968; L'Ambiance Plaza (16 story residential project under construction) Bridgeport, CT, April 23, 1987; Hyatt Regency Hotel (walkway collapse), Kansas City, Missouri, July 17, 1981; Alfred P. Murrah Federal Office Building, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, April 19, 1995; Jackson Landing Skating Rink, Durham, NH, 1996; Pentagon Building west bank of the Potomac River in Arlington, Virginia, across from Washington, DC, September 11, 2001; Bankers Trust Building/Plaza (Deutsche Bank Building) 130 Liberty Street, Manhattan, NY, September 11, 2001; Khobar Tower (housing complex) Al-Khobar near Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, June 25, 1996
- Abstract
- This document is intended to provide owners and practicing engineers with current "best practices" to reduce the likelihood of progressive collapse of buildings in the event of abnormal loading. The report includes a discussion of an acceptable risk approach to progressive collapse, which involves defining the threat, event control, and structural design to resist postulated event. Practical means for reducing risk for new and existing buildings are presented. An extensive review is provided of the design methods used to enhance a buildings resistance to progressive collapse. These include the indirect method (providing sufficient tie forces), the specific local resistance method (designing key elements to withstand abnormal loads), and the alternate load path method (allowing for redistribution of load in the event of the loss of a key member). Design considerations for different structural materials are summarized. The methodology for evaluating and mitigating progressive collapse potential in existing buildings is also discussed. Three appendices provide supporting information. Appendix A presents a worldwide review of progressive collapse provisions in various national design standards. Appendix B identifies knowledge gaps related to progressive collapse that require research. Appendix C provides case studies of progressive collapses. This document is not intended to provide step-by-step design guidance for practicing engineers; however, applicable design standards are referenced and summarized in Appendix A.