- Author
- Ono, T. | Ishii, H. | Muroi, N.
- Title
- Early-Stage Fire Judgment Using Multi-Dimensional Measurement: A Fire Alarm System Using a Combination of Fire Judgment With Composite Fire Information and Fire Judgment With Time-Series Fire Information.
- Coporate
- Nihon Univ., Tokyo, Japan
- Journal
- Bulletin of Japanese Association of Fire Science and Engineering, Vol. 40, No. 1, 7-17, 1990
- Keywords
- fire alarm systems | false alarms | forecasting
- Abstract
- [ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH] To detect a fire in the early stage and eliminate false alarms, it is necessary to measure the physical and chemical phenomena of a fire continuously from an early stage and process the information obtained to make a fire judgment. The authors have been studying a fire judgment system based on the three-dimensional information obtained from three kinds oa analog sensors: temperature sensor, smoke sensor and CO gas sensor. This paper idsucsses a fire alarm system which uses a combination of both fire judgment with composite fire information and fire judgment with time-series fire information. Fire judgment with composite fire information is a method to judge a fire using a three-dimensional coordinate space whose axes represent three kinds of analog sensor outputs. In this coordinate space, the position vector obtained by adding the vectors of the respective sensor outputs represents the environmental situation at that time. The fire judgment is made by forecasting whether or not the position vector will go out of the non-fire region predefined in the coordinate space. This fire judgement method has the advantage that the progression of a fire can be estimated overall with multiple kinds of information. Fire judgment with time-series fire information is a method to judge a fire using the time-series information obtained from the sensor output. The fire judgment is made by forecasting the change of each sensor output and by judging whether or not the forecasted value will reach the predefined danger level. This fire judgment method has the advantage that the time elapsing to reach the danger level can be forecasted. We have developed a fire alarm system using a combination of these two fire judgment methods. The fire alarm system is designed to issued a fire alarm when both the time-series fire judgment system and the composite fire judgment system forecast that the current phenomena will reach a danger level, ensuring high reliability for fire judgment. The fire alarm system responded well in the case of either a smokdering fire or a flaming fire in a compartment and did not issue any false alarms in several model experiments assuming non-fires.