- Author
-
Callahan, J. F.
|
Grouse, C. L.
|
Affleck, G. E.
|
Farrand, R. L.
|
Dorsey, R. W.
- Title
- Acute Inhalation Toxicity of Diesel Fuels, MIL-F-46162-Referee Grade 1 (Arctic) and MIL-F-46162-Referee Grade 2. (Regular), Used in Vehicle Engine Exhaust Smoke Systems (VEESS). Technical Report. February-May 1980.
- Coporate
- Army Armament Research and Development Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD
- Report
-
ARCSL-TR-82065,
June 1983,
81 p.
- Distribution
- Available from National Technical Information Service.
- Keywords
-
animals
|
toxicity
|
fuels
|
pathology
|
inhalation toxicity
- Abstract
- Toxic studies were conducted with rats and guniea pigs to determine acute effects from single exposures to M60Al tank-generated MIL-F-46162-Referee (Arctic) and (Regular) Grade diesel fuel smoke and/or exhaust clouds under static airflow conditions. Emissions were disseminated with the Vehicle Engine Exhaust Smoke System (VEESS) and exposure periods ranged from 15-180 min in the case of the smoke/exhaust emissions and 60-180 min with the exhausts. At attempted airborne concentrations of 10-12 mg/l (10,000-12,000 mg/m3) of the Arctic and Regular Grade diesel fuel smoke/exhaust mixtures and 0.07 mg/l (70 mg/m3) of the exhausts; toxic signs (excluding death) were seen after 15- and 60-min exposures to the Arctic grade diesel fuel smoke/exhaust emissions and death was observed at the 180-min exposures. The exhaust emissions from the same fuel caused toxic signs including death after 60- to 180-min exposures. Regular-grade diesel fuel smoke/exhaust caused toxic signs and death in animals after 60- to 180-min exposures, while the exhaust clouds from the same fuel caused toxic signs at 60 min and toxic signs including death at 180 min. Significant respiratory changes as evidenced by pulmonary function tests were observed after 15-min exposures to the smoke/exhaust emissions from either type of Referee Grade diesel fuel and similar effects were seen after 60-min exposures to the exhausts. Gross and/or histopathological effects were noted in the upper (nasal turbinates) and/or lower (lungs) respiratory tracts after exposures of 15 to 180 min to the smoke/exhaust emissions from both fuels and 60- to 180-min exposures to their exhausts. Experimental evidence suggests that either an unidentified chemical component from the fuel-generated exhausts or a combination of pyrolytic products from the same emission source were primarily responsible for causing the toxicity in these studies with Referee (Arctic) and (Regular) grades of diesel fuel.