- Author
- Clifton, J. R.
- Title
- Frost-Resistance of Concrete.
- Coporate
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
- Report
- NISTIR 90-4229, January 1990, 21 p.
- Distribution
- Available from National Technical Information Service
- Keywords
- aggregates | concretes | durability | entrained-air | freezing | frost | models | service life | tests | life (durability)
- Abstract
- Freezing of water in the pores of concrete is one of the major degradation processes of concrete. It results in cracking and reduced service life. Concrete exposed to frost conditions may rapidly degrade or be durable for decades. This report reviews the major factors affecting the frost resistance of concrete and test methods for evaluating the service life of concrete. Mathematical models which describe the mechamisms of frost damage and methodologies for predicting the durability of concrete exposed to frost conditions are reviewed to determine their relevance to service life predictions.