- Author
-
Cleary, T. G.
|
Yang, J. C.
|
Urban, D.
|
Ruff, G.
|
Sheredy, W.
|
Mulholland, G. W.
|
Yuan, Z. G.
- Title
- Prediction of Light Scattering and Ionization Chamber Sensor Response to Smolder Smoke Aerosols.
- Coporate
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
NASA John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field, Cleveland, OH
Maryland Univ., College Park
National Center for Space Exploration Research, Cleveland, OH
- Report
-
Session 2,
- Book or Conf
- International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection "AUBE '09", 14th Proceedings. University of Duisburg. [Internationale Konferenz uber Automatischen Brandentdeckung.] September 8-10, 2009,
Duisburg, Germany,
1-8 p.,
2009
- Keywords
-
fire detection
|
sensors
|
light scattering
|
smoke
|
aerosols
|
smoldering
|
experiments
|
calibrating
|
material properties
|
mass concentration
|
photometers
|
size distribution
|
ionization chambers
- Identifiers
- Smoke Aerosol Measurement Experiment (SAME); estimated material properties and size parameters for smokes; comparison of predicted photometer readings to measured readings for SAME experiment smokes; comparison of predicted photometer readings to measured readings for DOP aerosols; mass concentration versus photometer reading for DOP aerosols; total aerosol length versus Y for DOP aerosols
- Abstract
- Diagnostic equipment developed for an International Space Station experiment, the Smoke Aerosol Measurement Experiment (SAME), utilized three measurement devices to determine size properties of t he smoke aerosols generated. They consisted of a light-scattering photometer, an ionization chamber from a residential smoke alarm, and a condensation particle counter. The ability to predict the ionization chamber and photometer outputs from aerosol size distribution and concentration information was examined. Using dioctyl phthalate aerosols ranging in mean size from about 0.1 µm to 1.0 µm, the relative expanded uncertainty of the ionization chamber prediction using total aerosol length was + 12%, while the relative expanded uncertainty of the photometer prediction was + 33% using a Mie-scattering model and the aerosol number concentration, size distribution, and refractive index. Smoke was generated from electrically heated silicone, Kapton, Teflon, cotton wick, and dibutyl phthalate samples using the SAME experimental hardware. The smokes were measured with the SAME diagnostic equipment plus additional aerosol instrumentation. Using measured size distributions and particle number concentrations along with estimates of the refractive index, the photometer predictions were within + 25% for most smokes except Kapton which appears to have an agglomerate structure as determined by electron microscopy.