- Author
-
Hoskin, K.
- Title
- Fire Protection and Evacuation Procedures of Stadia Venues in New Zealand.
- Coporate
- University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Report
-
Fire Engineering Research Report 04/4
October 2004
198 p.
- Keywords
-
stadiums
|
evacuation
|
fire protection
|
construction
|
human behavior
|
flow rate
|
people movement
|
egress
|
fire protection
|
statistics
- Identifiers
- stadia; New Zealand; pedestrian flow rates; crowd movement; entertainment venues; crowd management; United States of America; United Kingdom; Austrlia; wayfinding; flight; surging or craze; interruption of lfow; coordination/management; individuals within the crowd
- Abstract
- This study investigates the vulnerability to fire and preparedness of New Zealand's stadia for effective evacuations. The study covers aspects of crowd behavior, observational findigs and issues that must be considered when accommodating crowds. It provides an overview of the features stadia use to protect stadium patrons from fire, and a brief history of some famous stadium incidents and their contribution to the profile of the modern stadium. In 2001 there were two major mass casualty fire disasters in highly populated buildings in the USA. Subsequently there has been increased attention placed on the vulnerability of high profile sites and gathering places to large-scale mass casualty events. Effective mitigation in sugh variable populations intwo-part: evacuation and protection of the populous.