- Author
- Tanaka, T. | Nakamura, K.
- Title
- Model for Predicting Smoke Transport in Buildings--Based on Two Layers Zone Concept.
- Coporate
- Building Research Institute, Japan
- Journal
- Report of the Building Research Institute, No. 123, 1-284, October 1989
- Keywords
- building fires | smoke transport | zone models | physical properties | chemical properties | model studies | burning rate | carbon monoxide | soot
- Abstract
- [ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH] This model for predicting smoke transport in buildings is construced based on two layer zone concept. In other words, it predicts the transient state of the environment of the spaces in a building involved in fire on the assumption that any space of the building is distinctly divided into the two layers, i.e., an upper layer and a lower layer, each of which is homogeneous both in physical and chemical properties. In this model, the fire source conditions such as mass burning rate, fire source area and the production rate of CO and soot, are given as specified input data. On the other hand, the phenomena induced by the fire source, i.e., the temperature, the thickness, the gas concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor etc. of the upper and lower layers in each room, the radiative and convective heat transfer between the layers and interior walls. The pressure of each room and the gas and air flows through the openings of a building, are all predicted based on laws of physic. Part 1 of this report serves for the convenience of the users who might try to apply this prediction model to their design building practices etc., so a summary of the theories of the model, the outline of the computer doce developed to perform the calculation based on the model, the instruction for users and some examples of the prediction are given. Part 2 of this report, which is primarily for convenience of researchers in the area of fire protection engineering, gives somewhat detailed description on the technical matters considered in the course of the development of this model. Appendix describes a general method for deriving the zone equations, which plays the central part in the modeling of this smoke prediciton method.