- Author
- Kim, C.S. | McCullough, E. A.
- Title
- Static and Dynamic Insulation Values for Cold Weather Protective Clothing.
- Coporate
- Kyung Hee Univ., Korea Kansas State Univ., Manhattan
- Report
- ASTM STP 1386
- Book or Conf
- Performance of Protective Clothing: Issues and Priorities for the 21st Century. Proceedings. Seventh (7th) Volume. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). ASTM STP 1386. June 28-30, 1999, ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA, Seattle, WA, Nelson, C. N.; Henry, N. W., Editors, 233-247 p., 2000
- Keywords
- protective clothing | protective equipment | mannequins | weather effects | insulation | methodology | clothing | statistical analysis | equations | regression rate
- Identifiers
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE); clothing insulation; dynamic insulation; amount of body surface area covered by clothing (BSAC); clothing ensemble weight (kg); number and thickness (mm) of garment layers; clothing insulation values; database of cold weather clothing; database of insulation values for cold weather clothing ensembles; regression equations for predicting clothing insulation values
- Abstract
- The purpose of this study was 1) to develop a large, representative database of static and dynamic insulation values for different types of clothing designed for use in cold environments, 2) to determine the change in insulation due to walking, and 3) to develop regression equations for predicting static insulation and dynamic insulation from selected clothing variables. Thirty clothing ensembles including ski wear, hunting gear, work clothing, and everyday outdoor clothing for men and women were studied. The insulation values for the ensembles were measured according to ASTM Test Method for Measuring the Thermal Insulation of Clothing using a Heated Manikin (F 1291) with a thermal manikin standing and walking in a cold environmental chamber. In addition, the number of garment layers were counted and their thicknesses were measured on the torso, arm, thigh, and calf. Results indicated that the static intrinsic clothing insulation values ranged from 1.10 to 3.67 clo. The dynamic intrinsic insulation values were lower due to an increase in convective heat transfer within the clothing systems during movement; they ranged from 0.53 to 3.21 clo. The decrease in insulation due to walking varied from 12 to 51%. The number and thickness of garment layers on the arms and calves were good predictors of static insulation (R = 0.87) and dynamic insulation (R = 0.90). The equation for predicting dynamic insulation from static insulation accounted for 95% of the variance in dynamic insulation values. The insulation data and regression equations developed in this study can be used to estimate the insulation provided by cold weather protective clothing.