- Author
- Gann, R. G. | Hamins, A. | McGrattan, K. B. | Mulholland, G. W. | Nelson, H. E. | Ohlemiller, T. J. | Pitts, W. M. | Prasad, K. R.
- Title
- Reconstruction of the Fires in the World Trade Center Towers. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster.
- Coporate
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
- Report
- NIST NCSTAR 1-5, September 2005, 240 p.
- Keywords
- World Trade Center | high rise buildings | building collapse | disasters | fire safety | fire investigations | terrorists | terrorism | reconstruction | fire models | validation | fire tests | combustibles | interior finishes | interior furnishings | heat transfer | simulation | thermal response
- Identifiers
- World Trade Center (110-story-high) Towers, Manhattan, New York, September 11, 2001; visual evidence; simultion of the WTC fires and thermal environments
- Abstract
- The collapses of the World Trade Center towers on September 11, 2001, resulted from a combination of aircraft impact damage and the ensuing fires. This report documents: The information obtained on the factors that affected the nature, duration and location of the fires and how this was obtained; The development and validation of the fire model used to simulate the fires; Descriptions of the most likely fires, as they were reconstructed; and The modeling and validation of the heat transfer from the fires to the buildings' structural members.