- Author
-
Hedge, J. C.
|
Waterman, T. E.
- Title
- Fire Test Ratings for Shelter Components. Final Technical Report. October 15, 1967-May 15, 1969.
- Coporate
- IIT Research Inst., Chicago, IL
- Sponsor
- Office of Civil Defense, Washington, DC
- Report
-
IITRI project J6132; OCD Work Unit 1132A,
May 15, 1969,
63 p.
- Contract
- N00228-68-C-0569
- Keywords
-
shelters (fallout)
|
fire tests
|
overpressure
|
reinforced concretes
|
penetration
|
heat transfer
|
fire gases
|
door assemblies
|
debris
|
experiments
|
blast resistant structures
|
fire safety
|
fire doors
- Identifiers
- shelter performance requirements; development of guidance information; heat loading of shelters; protection of openings
- Abstract
- The work described herein is concerned with providing interim guidance for assessing fire effects on shelters of the type to withstand 10 to 15 psi overpressures. Such shelters can be exptected to be at or below grade, and to the constructed of reinforced concrete capable of resisting penetration. The work is directed toward assessing the heat transfer through concrete, and the penetration of fire gases through door assemblies, as a result of uncontrolled fire in contact with the shelter. Based on existing data for properties of concrete and characteristics of debris fires, a theoretical analysis is used to predict the heat loads imposed on shelters by debris fires above. Results are given for ranges of fire conditions, concrete properties, and concrete thickness, and a method is suggested for estimating cooling requirements needed to remove the fire-induced heat load. Experiments were performed with six door assemblies, similar in design to blast-resistant assemblies, in order to evaluate penetration of fire gases. Early experiments showed that bare steel doors, as well as doors protected only by insulative or ablative coverings, were rapidly distorted by heating so as to be unacceptable as barriers to fire gases. In later experiments, the design of a water-cooled door assembly was evolved, which is recommended for protection of shelter entryways from adjacent fires.